而 vs. 并

[freefall]

I know how 而 and 并 differ when linking words.

而 for adjectives: 坚定而勇敢

并 for verbs with the same predicate: 大家都同意并用户我的提议。

But what about for phrases/clauses? Is there any difference?

我喜欢她而支持她的提议。

我喜欢她并支持她的提议。

Is this correct usage? Is one better than the other?

What about a list that includes both clauses and adjectives?

1. 他是一个让人开心，聪明而勇敢的人。

2. 他是一个让人开心，聪明并勇敢的人。

3. 他是一个聪明，让人开心并勇敢的人。

4. 他是一个聪明，让人开心而勇敢的人。

Which of these is correct?

Also, what if you want to get rid the the 是...的 structure?

他很让人开心，聪明而勇敢。 Is that okay grammar?

If you're feeling more ambitious you could always explain the collation of some of the variants like 及，以及，etc.

[redspread]

When for verbs:

我喜欢她而支持她的提议。

I like her so I support her suggestion.

我喜欢她并支持她的提议。

I like her and I support her suggestion.

1. 他是一个让人开心，聪明而勇敢的人。

2. 他是一个让人开心，聪明并勇敢的人。

3. 他是一个聪明，让人开心并勇敢的人。

4. 他是一个聪明，让人开心而勇敢的人。

Which of these is correct?

No one is correct.We usually say: 他是一个聪明，勇敢，并 让（verb） 人开心的人。Single words former, phrases later.

[helenlee]

Besides the above,

1,他是一个让人开心,聪明而勇敢的人.

I think this one is ok,too.

[rootfool]

我喜欢她而支持她的提议。

我喜欢她并支持她的提议。

The two parts,"我喜欢她" and "支持她的提议",should have some relation if you use the "并" or "而" as a conj.

In my comprehension,the relations I could link them together is "so" or "because".

"I like her so I support her." = "我喜欢她，所以支持她的提议。"

"I support her because I like her." = "我因喜欢她而支持她的提议。"

But "并" is not so proper in this sentence.Is there coorinate relation between them?"我喜欢她" is a emotional statement,and "支持她的提议" is an action.It's a little strange if you connect them with "并".

If you say "我同意她的看法并支持她的提议",it's ok.In here "并" means "并且(furthermore?,I'm not sure about it.)" to express a "递进关系" as a conj.

"并" has another meaning of "and" as a conj.For example,"痛并快乐着"

"而" can express many sorts of relation.Such as

并列关系：他的性格阴险而毒辣。

转折关系：青出于蓝而胜于蓝。

递进关系：听了这话他怒而拔剑。

承接关系：一个强盗破门而入。

some usages are hard to find now.They only used in classical chinese.Most time "而" means "but" in present.

We usually say: 他是一个聪明，勇敢，并 让（verb） 人开心的人。Single words former, phrases later.

agree with redspread

hope it's helpful.

[freefall]

Very good information!

痛并快乐着

Is it correct to say: 我的姐姐勇敢并快乐?

我同意她的看法并支持她的提议

Is it correct to say 我同意她的看法而支持她的提议

Does it have the same meaning?

并且，而且，况且，等等... Are there any differences in meaning/usage?

[rootfool]

Damn it!The "backspace" key destroied my reply twice!

Is it correct to say: 我的姐姐勇敢并快乐?

The two words should have relation in the sentence.such as:

痛并快乐着 痛 and 快乐 are opposite words.

他发烧并不停的呕吐。 发烧 and 呕吐 are symptoms of disease.

Is there any relation between 勇敢 and 快乐?I'm afraid not.勇敢 and 坚强 are character when someone faced difficulty,so you can say 我的姐姐勇敢并坚强。

Is it correct to say 我同意她的看法而支持她的提议

it's right in classical chinese,but absolutely no in present.As I said before,many words lost their usage(s).People will not use the meanings unless in some fixed phrase which comes from classical chinese.

Does it have the same meaning?

并且，而且，况且，等等... Are there any differences in meaning/usage?

I think they are same questions,the difference among these words.In classical chinese,the character 且 was not added behind them.

并 only meant 和,it didn't contain the meaning of 转折(tendence of mood?).诗，书并骑射者，余皆碌碌也。

而 was a conj only express 转折.今民各有心，而鬼神乏主。

况 meant moreover and could be used with 而 together.而况纳违乱之赂器于大庙。

But they don't be distincted clearly now.They are almost the same,so you can choose any one if you want.

PS：Every thing I said is just my own thinking.I can't assure you that they're absolutely right.So just regard my reply as a reference.

[calibre2001]

What does 而 mean when used in sentences that contain like 而言,而來etc??

[HashiriKata]

What does 而 mean when used in sentences that contain like 而言,而來etc??

而 here may have developed from the sense of "and" but in modern Chinese it's best to regard it as a part of fixed, idiomatic phrases.

[xiaocai]

我同意她的看法而支持她的提议

I'd say 我因为同意她的看法而支持她的提议, which will sound more natural to me with the 因为. Also, I think it makes the relationships clearer by adding 因为 because 而 can be "so" or "but" by itself.