及，輿，和

[82riceballs]

I've encountered three forms of and:

及，輿，and 和

I think the differences are that:

及 is used for formal papers (e.g. newspaper, textbook, formal letters, etc)

輿 is used for book titles and titles of other things (e.g. 羅密歐輿茱麗葉)

和 is used in everyday language (我和你)

are the differences correct? is there anything that could be added to them?

thanks in advance.

[Dani_man]

For the second character, I guess you meant 与 right? (與 in traditional form) .

indeed the two first are more formal, and usually used for nouns.

If you want to connect adjectives, you use 又 - 又好吃亮又便宜的菜 (tasty and cheap dish)

If you want to connect verbs you use 并 - 我做饭并打扫厨房 (I cooked and cleaned the kitchen).

But - 我打扫厨房和洗手间 （one verb - I cleaned the kitchen and the bathroom).

If you want to say: yesterday we went to run together, you cannot use 和，but use 跟，

昨天我跟他一起去跑步. In this case 跟 acts like "with".

[82riceballs]

thanks!

[Quest]

None of Dani's points is correct. They are not distinguished by parts of speech. There are old threads on this topic.

[skylee]

If you want to say: yesterday we went to run together, you cannot use 和，but use 跟，昨天我跟他一起去跑步. In this case 跟 acts like "with".

You CAN use 和. 昨天我和他一起去跑步 is OK.

Sometimes, we can use different words / expressions to say the same thing. Sometimes they might have different connotations, sometimes the meanings are the same. We use different words to make what we say and what we write less monotonous and more interesting (which is why we need so many words / expressions / chengyu).

IMO, 和 and 跟 are less formal, whereas 及 and 與 are more formal and used more in writing.

[Dani_man]

well, link to these threads will be appreciated.

[82riceballs]

thanks!!!:mrgreen:

[Luobot]

I found the following thread, which is worth taking a look at:

http://www.chinese-forums.com/index.php?/topic/1392-similar-meanings-or-same-but-when-how-to-use&highlight=gen1

As Skylee indicated, you need to add 跟 to your list of “and” words.

Here are a couple of 跟 (for “and”) sentences that I heard used in podcasts on CLO:

But it's right between a bank and a convenience store

Kěshì tā jiù zài yī jiā yínháng gēn biànlì shāngdiàn de zhōngjiān

可是他就在一家银行跟便利商店的中间

可是他就在一家銀行跟便利商店的中間

I have a lot of money and credit cards inside

Wǒ yǒu hěnduō qián gēn xìnyòngkǎ zài lǐmiàn

我有很多钱跟信用卡在里面

我有很多錢跟信用卡在裡面

[Luobot]

Another form of 'and' to add to the list is the reduplicated 又 (yòu) in the sentence pattern:

又 ... 又

yòu [a] ... yòu

both [a] ... and

Examples from Chinesepod:

今天吃了意大利菜又贵又难吃。

Jīntiān chī le Yìdàlì cài yòu guì yòu nánchī.

Today, ate Italian food that was both expensive and yucky.

又便宜又好吃。

Yòu piányi yòu hǎochī.

Both cheap and delicious.