medical terms commonly known to Chinese but not to Westerners - and vice versa

[gato]

I know something about this because I suffer from it myself. "Disc hernia" and "cervical pain" are the more common terms for 颈椎病 in English.

Spondylosis actually is just one type of spinal disease (there is also stenosis, for example). Spondylosis also refers to the spine generally rather than the cervical (neck). If the problem is with the cervical, you would say cervical spondylosis.

[abcdefg]

I doubt any of the native speakers of English here will have heard it, but it's a common word in Chinese.

Well, you lose that bet. But I'll agree it's not a common layman's term in English.

 

BTW, it can refer to other parts of the spine besides the neck.